Motion definition physics11/21/2023 ![]() We place such an emphasis on waves as a separate phenomenon because dealing with the form of a wave is often simpler than trying to visualize force diagrams for many different sections of a medium. The concepts we introduce when discussing material waves are no different from the concepts that we have already introduced when discussing forces, motion, and atoms. We have simply clumped atoms together into three sections for convenience, but this same discussion applies to individual atoms. The restoring forces responsible for wave behavior are typically strongest in solid materials and negligible in most gaseous materials. Stretching or compressing the medium causes the atoms to exert forces on their neighbors and to resist forces exerted on them, known as restoring forces. Individual atoms have a preferred equilibrium separation distance, and resist being pushed or pulled to maintain that preferred distance. You may wonder why the sections exert a force on one another at all. The origin of this force can be traced back to the pairwise interactions you learned about in 7A. In other words, material waves provide a mechanism for transferring energy over considerable distances, without the transport of the medium itself. These particles oscillate about equilibrium in a wavelike manner, but do not physically travel in space along the wave. ![]() This disturbance occurs due to the interaction between neighboring particles in the medium. It is the disturbance or the energy which propagates, defined as the wave. This motion in space, does not refer to the particles which comprise the medium. We will often speak of the waves moving in space to the right, to the left, or outward from the source. When we describe waves we are describing some kind of motion. In this way, the disturbance has traveled from section 2 to section 3 without the individual pieces of medium traveling along with it. This will cause section section 3 to accelerate upward, so a little time later section 3 is displaced like section 2 was. Freeman and company: New York and Basing stoke, 2003.\), in the force diagrams above. Thus, section 2 will accelerate downward, back toward equilibrium. Tipler P.A., Mosca G., "Physics for Scientists and Engineers", Chapter 2 (5th edition), W.Resnick, Robert and Halliday, David (1966), Physics, Chapter 3 (Vol I and II, Combined edition), Wiley International Edition, Library of Congress Catalog Card No.^ "Linear Motion vs Rotational motion" (PDF). ![]() ^ "What is derivatives of displacement?".^ "Description of Motion in One Dimension".^ a b "What is the term used for the third derivative of position?". ![]()
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